direvent-5.5/0000755000175000017500000000000015210620575013174 5ustar00graygray00000000000000direvent-5.5/config.h.in0000644000175000017500000000706715210617520015225 0ustar00graygray00000000000000/* config.h.in. Generated from configure.ac by autoheader. */ /* Supported event notification types */ #define IFACE_INOTIFY 0 /* inotify - Linux */ #define IFACE_KQUEUE 1 /* kqueue - BSD */ /* Define to 1 if translation of program messages to the user's native language is requested. */ #undef ENABLE_NLS /* Define to 1 if you have the Mac OS X function CFLocaleCopyCurrent in the CoreFoundation framework. */ #undef HAVE_CFLOCALECOPYCURRENT /* Define to 1 if you have the Mac OS X function CFPreferencesCopyAppValue in the CoreFoundation framework. */ #undef HAVE_CFPREFERENCESCOPYAPPVALUE /* Define to 1 if you have the `closefrom' function. */ #undef HAVE_CLOSEFROM /* Define if the GNU dcgettext() function is already present or preinstalled. */ #undef HAVE_DCGETTEXT /* Use F_CLOSEM fcntl for mu_close_fds */ #undef HAVE_FCNTL_CLOSEM /* Define to 1 if you have the `getgrouplist' function. */ #undef HAVE_GETGROUPLIST /* Define if the GNU gettext() function is already present or preinstalled. */ #undef HAVE_GETTEXT /* Define if you have the iconv() function and it works. */ #undef HAVE_ICONV /* Define to 1 if you have the `inotify_init' function. */ #undef HAVE_INOTIFY_INIT /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_INTTYPES_H /* Define to 1 if you have the `kqueue' function. */ #undef HAVE_KQUEUE /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_LIBPROC_H /* Define to 1 if you have the `proc_pidinfo' function. */ #undef HAVE_PROC_PIDINFO /* Define if you have /proc/self/fd */ #undef HAVE_PROC_SELF_FD /* Define to 1 if you have the `rfork' function. */ #undef HAVE_RFORK /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_STDINT_H /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_STDIO_H /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_STDLIB_H /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_STRINGS_H /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_STRING_H /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_SYS_EVENT_H /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_SYS_INOTIFY_H /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H /* Define to 1 if you have that is POSIX.1 compatible. */ #undef HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H /* Define to 1 if you have the header file. */ #undef HAVE_UNISTD_H /* Define as const if the declaration of iconv() needs const. */ #undef ICONV_CONST /* Name of package */ #undef PACKAGE /* Define to the address where bug reports for this package should be sent. */ #undef PACKAGE_BUGREPORT /* Define to the full name of this package. */ #undef PACKAGE_NAME /* Define to the full name and version of this package. */ #undef PACKAGE_STRING /* Define to the one symbol short name of this package. */ #undef PACKAGE_TARNAME /* Define to the home page for this package. */ #undef PACKAGE_URL /* Define to the version of this package. */ #undef PACKAGE_VERSION /* Define to 1 if all of the C90 standard headers exist (not just the ones required in a freestanding environment). This macro is provided for backward compatibility; new code need not use it. */ #undef STDC_HEADERS /* event notification interface to use */ #undef USE_IFACE /* Version number of package */ #undef VERSION /* Define to 1 if `lex' declares `yytext' as a `char *' by default, not a `char[]'. */ #undef YYTEXT_POINTER direvent-5.5/doc/0000755000175000017500000000000015210620575013741 5ustar00graygray00000000000000direvent-5.5/doc/direvent.info0000644000175000017500000024312415210617551016444 0ustar00graygray00000000000000This is direvent.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.8 from direvent.texi. Copyright (C) 2013-2026 Sergey Poznyakoff Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". INFO-DIR-SECTION Individual utilities START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY * direvent: (direvent). Monitor changes in directories. END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY  File: direvent.info, Node: Top, Next: Intro, Up: (dir) Direvent ******** This edition of the 'GNU Direvent' manual, last updated 20 May 2026, documents GNU Direvent Version 5.5. * Menu: * Intro:: Introduction. * Overview:: * Quick start:: * Invocation:: * Configuration:: * System dependencies:: * Reporting Bugs:: How to Report a Bug. Appendices * environ legacy syntax:: Legacy Syntax of the 'environ' Statement * Copying This Manual:: The GNU Free Documentation License. * Concept Index:: Index of Concepts. -- The Detailed Node Listing -- Configuration * syntax:: * variable expansion:: * general settings:: * syslog:: * environ:: * watcher:: Configuration Syntax * Comments:: * Pragmatic Comments:: * Statements:: System Dependencies * linux:: GNU/Linux systems. * bsd:: BSD systems. * darwin:: Darwin (Mac OS X).  File: direvent.info, Node: Intro, Next: Overview, Prev: Top, Up: Top 1 Introduction ************** GNU 'direvent' monitors events in file system directories. For each event that occurs in a set of pre-configured directories, the program calls an external program associated with it, supplying it the information about the event and the location within the file system where it took place. GNU 'direvent' provides an easy way to configure your system to react immediately if certain files undergo changes. This may be helpful, for example, to track changes in important configuration files. Interfaces for tracking changes to file systems are highly system-specific. GNU 'direvent' aims to provide a uniform and system-independent command-level interface. As of version 5.5 'direvent' works with modern Linux kernels (since v. 2.6.13) and BSD systems (FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Darwin).  File: direvent.info, Node: Overview, Next: Quick start, Prev: Intro, Up: Top 2 Overview ********** GNU 'direvent' monitors a set of directories on the file system and reacts when a file system event occurs in any of them. Directories and events to monitor are specified in the configuration file. When an event occurs, the program reacts by invoking an external command configured for that event. File system events can be divided into two major groups. The "system-dependent events" are specific for each particular kernel interface. In the contrast, "generic events" don't depend on the underlying system. They provide a higher level of abstraction and make it possible to port GNU 'direvent' configurations between various systems and architectures. The generic events are: -- generic event: create A file was created. This includes files moved from another directory. -- generic event: delete A file was deleted or moved to another directory. -- generic event: write A file was written to. This does not imply that the file was closed. -- generic event: change A file was modified and closed. This is a "compound" event, i.e. it is delivered when a system event that means that the file opened for writing was closed ('CLOSE_WRITE'), is delivered for a file on which one or more 'write' events have been previously delivered. As such it depends on the operating system ability to deliver the 'CLOSE_WRITE' event. Linux and FreeBSD have this ability. Many other systems, such as NetBSD and Darwin, don't. -- generic event: attrib File attributes have changed. This includes changes in the file ownership, mode, link count, etc. A "watcher" is a configuration entity that associates a set of directories with a set of events and instructs 'direvent' to run a specified external command when any of these events occur in any of these directories. This external command (called a "handler") can obtain information about the event that triggered it from the environment variables, or from its command line. Watchers are defined in the configuration file, which 'direvent' reads at startup. The following outlines its syntax: Three types of comments are allowed: inline comments, that begin with a '#' or '//' and extend to the end of line, and multi-line comments, which comprise everything enclosed between '/*' and '*/'. Comments and empty lines are ignored. Whitespace characters are ignored as well, except as they serve to separate tokens. A token is a string of consecutive characters from the following classes: alphanumeric characters, underscores, dots, asterisks, slashes, semicolons, commercial at's, and dashes. Any other sequence of characters must be enclosed in double quotation marks in order to represent a single token. Adjacent quoted strings are concatenated. A configuration statement consists of a keyword and value separated by any amount of whitespace and is terminated with a semicolon. A block statement is a collection of statements enclosed in curly braces. A watcher is declared using the following block statement: watcher { path PATHNAME [recursive [LEVEL]]; file PATTERN-LIST; event EVENT-LIST; command COMMAND-LINE; user NAME; timeout NUMBER; environ { ... }; option STRING-LIST; } Each 'watcher' statement instructs 'direvent' to monitor events from EVENT-LIST occurring in directories specified by PATHNAMEs in 'path' statements (any number of 'path' statements can be given). When any such event is detected, the supplied COMMAND-LINE will be executed. Each directory defined with the 'recursive' keyword will be watched recursively. This means that for each subdirectory created in it, 'direvent' will install a watcher similar to that of its parent directory. Optional LEVEL statement can be used to set up a cut-off nesting level, beyond which the recursive operation is disabled. It is a common practice for the 'path' statement to refer to a directory. However, it is not a requirement. The PATHNAME argument can as well point to any other type of file(1). Moreover, it is not required to exist, either. If it does not, GNU 'direvent' will remember the watcher definition and will set it up when the PATHNAME is eventually created.(2) The rest of statements are optional. The 'file' statement instructs GNU 'direvent' to react only if the event concerned the file whose name matches one of the patterns given in its argument. The 'user' statement can be used to execute the COMMAND-LINE as the user NAME (provided, of course, that 'direvent' is started with root privileges). The 'timeout' specifies the maximum amount of time (in seconds) the command is allowed to run. It defaults to 5. The 'environ' statement modifies the command environment. Finally, the 'option' statement supplies additional options. It can be used, for example, to divert the command's output to syslog. ---------- Footnotes ---------- (1) Obviously, the 'recursive' keyword is valid only if PATHNAME is a directory. (2) *Note path::, for a detailed description.  File: direvent.info, Node: Quick start, Next: Invocation, Prev: Overview, Up: Top 3 Quick Start ************* Let's suppose you have a directory where users can upload their files and you want these files to be processed right after upload, in real time. Let this directory be '/home/ftp/incoming' and the program to process the upload be '/usr/bin/upload'. Let's also suppose that this program expects name of the uploaded file as its argument. To make 'direvent' handle this task, you would need to create a watcher for the upload directory which would handle the 'create' event: watcher { path /home/ftp/incoming; event create; # more statements follow... On this event, the watcher is to invoke '/usr/bin/upload' with the name of the created file as an argument. To make it possible, the 'direvent' configuration file provides "macro variables", which can be used in the 'command' argument at configuration time and which are expanded to the actual values before the command is executed. Macro variables are referred to using the same syntax as shell variables: a dollar sign followed by the variable name, optionally enclosed in curly braces. The 'file' variable is expanded to the name of the file for which the event is reported. This name is relative to the current working directory which, by the time the handler is executed, is set to the directory where the event occurred. Thus, the handler can be configured as: command "/usr/bin/upload $file"; To summarize, the watcher declaration is: watcher { path /home/ftp/incoming; event create; command "/usr/bin/upload $file"; } Before invoking the handler, the following operations are performed: 1. The current working directory is set to the directory where the event occurred. 2. If the global 'environ' statement is present, the current environment is modified according to its rules. 3. If the 'environ' statement is present in the 'watcher' block, the environment is further modified according to its rules. (*note environment modification: environ.) 4. The standard input is closed. 5. If the 'stdout' option is supplied, the standard output is captured and redirected to the syslog. Otherwise it is closed. 6. If the 'stderr' option is supplied, the standard error is captured and redirected to the syslog. Otherwise it is closed. 7. File descriptors above 2 are closed. 8. Macro variables are expanded in the command line. Unless the 'shell' option is set, environment variables are expanded as well. *Note variable expansion::. 9. If the 'shell' option is set, the handler is invoked via the shell, as '$SHELL -c "COMMAND"'. Otherwise, word splitting is performed on the resulting command line. The first word is treated as the pathname of the program, which is then invoked via the 'execve' system call.  File: direvent.info, Node: Invocation, Next: Configuration, Prev: Quick start, Up: Top 4 Invocation ************ The invocation syntax is: direvent [OPTIONS] [CONFIG] where OPTIONS are command line options discussed below and optional CONFIG supplies the configuration file to use instead of the default '/etc/direvent.conf'. The options are: '-d' '--debug' Increase debug level. '-F NAME' '--facility=NAME' Set syslog facility. '-f' '--foreground' Remain in foreground. '-I DIR' '--include=DIR' Add DIR to the beginning of the include search path (*note include search path::). '-l PRIO' While connected to a terminal, 'direvent' outputs its diagnostics messages to stderr and, if configured, to syslog. This option limits the amount of information output to the standard error. The PRIO argument is one of the following priorities (in order of increasing severity): 'debug', 'info', 'notice', 'warning', 'err', 'crit', 'alert', 'emerg'. When this option is given, only messages with the priority level equal to or greater than PRIO will be duplicated on the standard error. '-P FILE' '--pidfile=FILE' Upon successful startup store the PID of the daemon process in FILE. '-T COMMAND' '--self-test=COMMAND' Run in "self-test mode". In this mode, 'direvent' starts external command supplied as the argument to this option and continues running until the command exits. If COMMAND terminates normally, 'direvent' exits with the code returned by it. If COMMAND terminates on signal, 'direvent' exits with code '0' if this signal was 'SIGHUP', and with code '2' otherwise. The COMMAND can include any command line options or arguments, provided that it is properly quoted. It is invoked as '/bin/sh -c COMMAND' in the environment of the parent 'direvent' process. This mode is used in 'direvent' test suite. The idea is to configure the handler (*note handler::) so that it sends 'SIGHUP' to COMMAND before exiting. To this effect, the special macro variable '$self_test_pid' is defined (*note variable expansion::) to the PID of the running COMMAND process. For example, consider configuration file 'test.conf', which contains the following: watcher { path /tmp; command "/bin/kill -HUP $self_test_pid"; } Then, the following command can be used to check whether 'direvent' correctly reacts on file creation in the watched directory: $ direvent --foreground \ --self-test 'touch /tmp/file && /usr/bin/sleep 20 && exit 1' \ test.conf The command will return '0' if the handler was invoked, and '1' if it was not. '-t' '--lint' Check configuration file for errors and exit. '-u NAME' '--user=NAME' Run as this user. This option overrides the 'user' configuration statement (*note user: general settings.). The following options are "informative". They cause the program to display the requested piece of information and terminate: '-H' '--config-help' Show configuration file summary. '-h' '--help' Give a short usage summary. '--usage' Display available command line options. '-V' '--version' Print program version.  File: direvent.info, Node: Configuration, Next: System dependencies, Prev: Invocation, Up: Top 5 Configuration *************** * Menu: * syntax:: * variable expansion:: * general settings:: * syslog:: * environ:: * watcher::  File: direvent.info, Node: syntax, Next: variable expansion, Up: Configuration 5.1 Configuration Syntax ======================== The configuration file consists of statements and comments. There are three classes of lexical tokens: keywords, values, and separators. Blanks, tabs, newlines and comments, collectively called "white space" are ignored except as they serve to separate tokens. Some white space is required to separate otherwise adjacent keywords and values. * Menu: * Comments:: * Pragmatic Comments:: * Statements::  File: direvent.info, Node: Comments, Next: Pragmatic Comments, Up: syntax 5.1.1 Comments -------------- "Comments" may appear anywhere where white space may appear in the configuration file. There are two kinds of comments: single-line and multi-line comments. "Single-line" comments start with '#' or '//' and continue to the end of the line: # This is a comment // This too is a comment "Multi-line" or "C-style" comments start with the two characters '/*' (slash, star) and continue until the first occurrence of '*/' (star, slash). Multi-line comments cannot be nested. However, single-line comments may well appear within multi-line ones.  File: direvent.info, Node: Pragmatic Comments, Next: Statements, Prev: Comments, Up: syntax 5.1.2 Pragmatic Comments ------------------------ Pragmatic comments are similar to usual single-line comments, except that they cause some changes in the way the configuration is parsed. Pragmatic comments begin with a '#' sign and end with the next physical newline character. '#include ' '#include "FILE"' Include the contents of the file FILE. If FILE is an absolute file name, the named file is included. An error message will be issued if it does not exist. If FILE contains wildcard characters ('*', '[', ']' or '?'), it is interpreted as a shell globbing pattern and all files matching that pattern are included, in lexicographical order. If no matching files are found, the directive is replaced with an empty line. Otherwise, the form with angle brackets searches for file in the "include search path", while the second one looks for it in the current working directory first, and, if not found there, in the include search path. If the file is not found, an error message will be issued. "Include search path" is formed by two directory sets: the user-defined search path, as defined by eventual '-I' (*note include option::) command line options, and the standard include search path, defined at compile time. The latter can be inspected using the '--help' option. The order of directories is as follows. First, 'direvent' scans any directories given with '-I' options, in the same order as given on the command line. If FILE is not found in any of them, the standard include search path is scanned. It is defined at the compile time and by default consists of two directories: * 'PREFIX/share/direvent/include' * 'PREFIX/share/direvent/5.5/include' where PREFIX is the installation prefix. The default can be changed when configuring the package. To inspect the actual standard include search path at the runtime, run 'direvent --help', and look for the string 'Include search path:' in its output. '#include_once ' '#include_once FILE' Same as '#include', except that, if the FILE has already been included, it will not be included again. '#line NUM' '#line NUM "FILE"' This line causes the parser to believe, for purposes of error diagnostics, that the line number of the next source line is given by NUM and the current input file is named by FILE. If the latter is absent, the remembered file name does not change. '# NUM "FILE"' This is a special form of '#line' statement, understood for compatibility with the C preprocessor.  File: direvent.info, Node: Statements, Prev: Pragmatic Comments, Up: syntax 5.1.3 Statements ---------------- A "simple statement" consists of a keyword and value separated by any amount of whitespace. Simple statement is terminated with a semicolon (';'). The following is a simple statement: standalone yes; pidfile /var/run/direvent.pid; A "keyword" begins with a letter and may contain letters, decimal digits, underscores ('_') and dashes ('-'). Examples of keywords are: 'expression', 'output-file'. A "value" can be one of the following: number A number is a sequence of decimal digits. boolean A boolean value is one of the following: 'yes', 'true', 't' or '1', meaning "true", and 'no', 'false', 'nil', '0' meaning "false". unquoted string An unquoted string may contain letters, digits, and any of the following characters: '_', '-', '.', '/', '@', '*', ':'. quoted string A quoted string is any sequence of characters enclosed in double-quotes ('"'). A backslash appearing within a quoted string introduces an "escape sequence", which is replaced with a single character according to the following rules: Sequence Replaced with \a Audible bell character (ASCII 7) \b Backspace character (ASCII 8) \f Form-feed character (ASCII 12) \n Newline character (ASCII 10) \r Carriage return character (ASCII 13) \t Horizontal tabulation character (ASCII 9) \v Vertical tabulation character (ASCII 11) \\ A single backslash ('\') \" A double-quote. Table 5.1: Backslash escapes In addition, the sequence '\NEWLINE' is removed from the string. This allows to split long strings over several physical lines, e.g.: "a long string may be\ split over several lines" If the character following a backslash is not one of those specified above, the backslash is ignored and a warning is issued. Here-document A "here-document" is a special construct that allows to introduce strings of text containing embedded newlines. The '<. You hit a bug if at least one of the conditions below is met: * 'direvent' terminates on signal 11 (SIGSEGV) or 6 (SIGABRT). * The program fails to do its job as described in this manual. If you think you've found a bug, please be sure to include maximum information available to reliably reproduce it, or at least to analyze it. The information needed is: * Version of the package you are using. * Command line options and configuration file. * Conditions under which the bug appears. Any errors, typos or omissions found in this manual also qualify as bugs. Please report them, if you happen to find any.  File: direvent.info, Node: environ legacy syntax, Next: Copying This Manual, Prev: Reporting Bugs, Up: Top Appendix A Legacy Syntax of the 'environ' Statement *************************************************** This appendix describes the syntax of the 'environ' statement used in GNU 'direvent' versions 5.2 and earlier. The use of this legacy syntax is discouraged. It is supported for backward compatibility only and will be removed in future versions. -- legacy syntax: environ ARGS Modify command environment. Arguments are a single environment modification directive, a whitespace-delimited list of directives, or a proper list (*note list::) of directives. The following directives are available. To facilitate switching to the modern 'environ' syntax, the discussion below lists, for each legacy directive, its modern syntax equivalent (*note environ::). '-' (a single dash) Clear the inherited environment, but retain the variables added by 'direvent' itself. The removed environment variables can be selectively restored using the directives discussed below. If used, this must be the first directive in the list. The modern syntax equivalent is: environ { clear; keep "DIREVENT_*"; } '--' (double-dash) Clear the entire environment, including the variables added by 'direvent'. If used, this must be the first directive in the list. The modern syntax equivalent is: environ { clear; } -NAME Unset the variable NAME. The modern syntax equivalent is environ { unset NAME; } -NAME=VAL Unset the environment variable NAME only if its value is VAL. The modern syntax equivalent is: environ { unset "NAME=VAL"; } NAME Restore the environment variable NAME. This directive is useful after '-' or '--' to retain some variables from the environment. The modern syntax equivalent is: keep NAME; NAME=VALUE Define environment variable NAME to have given VALUE. It is equivalent to: environ { keep "NAME=VALUE"; } NAME+=VALUE Retain variable NAME and append VALUE to its existing value. If no such variable is present in the environment, it is created and VALUE is assigned to it. However, if VALUE begins with a punctuation character, this character is removed from it before the assignment. This is convenient for using this construct with environment variables like 'PATH', e.g.: PATH+=:/sbin In this example, if 'PATH' exists, ':/sbin' will be appended to it. Otherwise, it will be created and '/sbin' will be assigned to it. In modern syntax, use shell variable references, e.g.: environ { set "PATH=${PATH}${PATH:+:}/sbin"; } NAME=+VALUE Retain variable NAME and prepend VALUE to its existing value. If no such variable is present in the environment, it is created and VALUE is assigned to it. However, if VALUE ends with a punctuation character, this character is removed from it before assignment. In modern syntax, use shell variable references, e.g. instead of doing environ PATH=+/sbin: use environ { set "PATH=/sbin${PATH:+:}$PATH"; }  File: direvent.info, Node: Copying This Manual, Next: Concept Index, Prev: environ legacy syntax, Up: Top Appendix B GNU Free Documentation License ***************************************** Version 1.2, November 2002 Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 0. PREAMBLE The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others. This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software. We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. 1. 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AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. When the Document is included an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document. If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate. 8. 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File: direvent.info, Node: Concept Index, Prev: Copying This Manual, Up: Top Concept Index ************* This is a general index of all issues discussed in this manual [index] * Menu: * #include: Pragmatic Comments. (line 11) * #include_once: Pragmatic Comments. (line 48) * #line: Pragmatic Comments. (line 53) * --config-help: Invocation. (line 87) * --debug: Invocation. (line 16) * --facility: Invocation. (line 18) * --foreground: Invocation. (line 21) * --help: Invocation. (line 89) * --include: Invocation. (line 24) * --lint: Invocation. (line 75) * --pidfile: Invocation. (line 37) * --self-test: Invocation. (line 41) * --usage: Invocation. (line 92) * --user: Invocation. (line 78) * --version: Invocation. (line 94) * -d: Invocation. (line 16) * -F: Invocation. (line 18) * -f: Invocation. (line 21) * -H: Invocation. (line 87) * -h: Invocation. (line 89) * -I: Invocation. (line 24) * -l: Invocation. (line 28) * -P: Invocation. (line 37) * -T: Invocation. (line 41) * -t: Invocation. (line 75) * -u: Invocation. (line 78) * -V: Invocation. (line 94) * ACCESS, linux event: linux. (line 25) * attrib: Overview. (line 41) * ATTRIB, BSD: bsd. (line 34) * ATTRIB, linux event: linux. (line 26) * block statement: Statements. (line 122) * boolean value: Statements. (line 25) * BSD: bsd. (line 6) * change: Overview. (line 32) * clear: environ. (line 50) * CLOSE, FreeBSD: bsd. (line 51) * CLOSE, NetBSD: bsd. (line 51) * CLOSE_NOWRITE, linux event: linux. (line 30) * CLOSE_WRITE, FreeBSD: bsd. (line 54) * CLOSE_WRITE, linux event: linux. (line 28) * CLOSE_WRITE, NetBSD: bsd. (line 54) * command: watcher. (line 96) * Comments in a configuration file: Comments. (line 6) * comments, pragmatic: Pragmatic Comments. (line 6) * configuration file statements: Statements. (line 6) * create: Overview. (line 21) * CREATE, linux event: linux. (line 32) * Darwin: darwin. (line 6) * debug: general settings. (line 17) * delete: Overview. (line 25) * DELETE, BSD: bsd. (line 25) * DELETE, linux event: linux. (line 34) * DIREVENT_FILE: environ. (line 29) * DIREVENT_GENEV_CODE: environ. (line 19) * DIREVENT_GENEV_NAME: environ. (line 23) * DIREVENT_SYSEV_CODE: environ. (line 9) * DIREVENT_SYSEV_NAME: environ. (line 13) * environ: environ. (line 33) * environ <1>: watcher. (line 142) * environ <2>: environ legacy syntax. (line 11) * environment, handler: environ. (line 9) * escape sequence: Statements. (line 33) * eval: environ. (line 89) * event: watcher. (line 84) * events: Overview. (line 12) * events, generic: Overview. (line 19) * events, system-dependent, on BSD: bsd. (line 23) * events, system-dependent, on Darwin: bsd. (line 23) * events, system-dependent, on linux: linux. (line 22) * EXTEND, BSD: bsd. (line 31) * facility: syslog. (line 22) * facility, syslog: syslog. (line 23) * FDL, GNU Free Documentation License: Copying This Manual. (line 6) * file: variable expansion. (line 43) * file <1>: watcher. (line 59) * file system events: Overview. (line 12) * foreground: general settings. (line 10) * fs.inotify.max_user_watches: linux. (line 9) * generic events: Overview. (line 19) * genev_code: variable expansion. (line 46) * genev_name: variable expansion. (line 50) * GNU/Linux: linux. (line 6) * Handler environment variables: environ. (line 9) * handler execution environment: Quick start. (line 43) * handler, defining: watcher. (line 97) * handler, introduced: Overview. (line 45) * here-document: Statements. (line 66) * include directories, preprocessor: Pragmatic Comments. (line 28) * include search path, preprocessor: Pragmatic Comments. (line 28) * inotify: linux. (line 6) * keep: environ. (line 55) * keep <1>: environ. (line 56) * kqueue: bsd. (line 6) * LINK, BSD: bsd. (line 37) * linux kernel: linux. (line 6) * list: Statements. (line 106) * logging: syslog. (line 6) * Mac OS X: darwin. (line 6) * macro expansion: variable expansion. (line 6) * max-instances: watcher. (line 152) * MODIFY, linux event: linux. (line 36) * MOVED_FROM, linux event: linux. (line 38) * MOVED_TO, linux event: linux. (line 40) * multi-line comments: Comments. (line 14) * number of open file descriptors: bsd. (line 10) * number of watches, linux: linux. (line 9) * OPEN, FreeBSD: bsd. (line 57) * OPEN, linux event: linux. (line 42) * OPEN, NetBSD: bsd. (line 57) * option: watcher. (line 120) * path: watcher. (line 25) * pidfile: general settings. (line 13) * pragmatic comments: Pragmatic Comments. (line 6) * preprocessor include search path: Pragmatic Comments. (line 28) * print-priority: syslog. (line 31) * quoted string: Statements. (line 33) * READ, FreeBSD: bsd. (line 58) * RENAME, BSD: bsd. (line 40) * REVOKE, BSD: bsd. (line 43) * self-test mode: Invocation. (line 41) * self_test_pid: variable expansion. (line 66) * sentinel: watcher. (line 42) * set: environ. (line 78) * shell, watcher option: watcher. (line 124) * shutdown-timeout: general settings. (line 21) * simple statements: Statements. (line 6) * single-line comments: Comments. (line 6) * statement, block: Statements. (line 122) * statement, simple: Statements. (line 6) * statements, configuration file: Statements. (line 6) * stdout, watcher option: watcher. (line 135) * strerr, watcher option: watcher. (line 139) * string, quoted: Statements. (line 33) * string, unquoted: Statements. (line 29) * sysctl: linux. (line 9) * sysctl.conf: linux. (line 19) * sysev_code: variable expansion. (line 56) * sysev_name: variable expansion. (line 60) * syslog: syslog. (line 6) * syslog facility: syslog. (line 23) * syslog tag: syslog. (line 28) * system-dependent events on BSD: bsd. (line 23) * system-dependent events on Darwin: bsd. (line 23) * system-dependent events, linux: linux. (line 22) * tag: syslog. (line 27) * tag, syslog: syslog. (line 28) * timeout: watcher. (line 116) * unset: environ. (line 98) * unset <1>: environ. (line 99) * user: general settings. (line 6) * user <1>: watcher. (line 113) * variable expansion: variable expansion. (line 6) * wait, watcher option: watcher. (line 130) * watcher declaration: watcher. (line 11) * watcher declaration, summary: Overview. (line 74) * watcher, complete description: watcher. (line 6) * watcher, introduced: Overview. (line 45) * write: Overview. (line 28) * WRITE, BSD: bsd. (line 28)  Tag Table: Node: Top642 Node: Intro1538 Node: Overview2446 Ref: generic events3217 Ref: handler4185 Ref: Overview-Footnote-17560 Ref: Overview-Footnote-27645 Node: Quick start7695 Ref: handler environment9389 Node: Invocation10665 Ref: include option11171 Ref: self-test mode11935 Node: Configuration14013 Node: syntax14248 Node: Comments14794 Node: Pragmatic Comments15468 Ref: include search path16641 Node: Statements18234 Ref: backslash-interpretation19433 Ref: here-document20490 Ref: list22061 Node: variable expansion22906 Ref: file24718 Ref: genev_code24792 Ref: genev_name24947 Ref: sysev_code25208 Ref: sysev_name25353 Node: general settings27483 Node: syslog28339 Node: environ29550 Node: watcher33655 Ref: path34321 Node: System dependencies39886 Node: linux40211 Node: bsd41545 Node: darwin43344 Node: Reporting Bugs43822 Node: environ legacy syntax44686 Node: Copying This Manual48139 Node: Concept Index70576  End Tag Table  Local Variables: coding: utf-8 End: direvent-5.5/doc/otherdoc.texi.in0000644000175000017500000000126014663051753017056 0ustar00graygray00000000000000@multitable @columnfractions 0.30 .5 @item @uref{../$FILE(info_gz),$BASEFILE(info_gz)} @tab Info document compressed ($SIZE(info_gz) characters gzipped tar file) @item @uref{../$FILE(ascii),$BASEFILE(ascii)} @tab ASCII text ($SIZE(ascii) characters) @item @uref{../$FILE(ascii_gz),$BASEFILE(ascii_gz)} @tab ASCII text, compressed ($SIZE(ascii_gz) characters) @item @uref{../$FILE(dvi_gz),$BASEFILE(dvi_gz)} @tab TeX dvi file ($SIZE(dvi_gz) characters gzipped) @item @uref{../$FILE(pdf),$BASEFILE(pdf)} @tab PDF file ($SIZE(pdf) characters gzipped) @item @uref{../$FILE(texinfo_gz),$BASEFILE(texinfo_gz)} @tab Texinfo source ($SIZE(texinfo_gz) characters gzipped tar file) @end multitable direvent-5.5/doc/fdl.texi0000644000175000017500000005071414164254631015413 0ustar00graygray00000000000000@setfilename fdl.info @cindex FDL, GNU Free Documentation License @center Version 1.2, November 2002 @display Copyright @copyright{} 2000, 2001, 2002, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. @end display @enumerate 0 @item PREAMBLE The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document @dfn{free} in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. 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If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages. If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general network-using public has access to download using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public. It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. @item MODIFICATIONS You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: @enumerate A @item Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission. @item List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you from this requirement. @item State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher. @item Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. @item Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices. @item Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. @item Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. @item Include an unaltered copy of this License. @item Preserve the section Entitled ``History'', Preserve its Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. 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If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. @end enumerate @page @appendixsec ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page: @smallexample @group Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{your name}. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. 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Monitor changes in directories. @end direntry @end ifinfo @copying Copyright @copyright{} 2013--2026 Sergey Poznyakoff Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''. @end copying @titlepage @title GNU Direvent @subtitle version @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED} @author Sergey Poznyakoff. @page @vskip 0pt plus 1filll @insertcopying @end titlepage @ifnothtml @page @summarycontents @page @end ifnothtml @contents @ifnottex @node Top @top Direvent This edition of the @cite{GNU Direvent} manual, last updated @value{UPDATED}, documents GNU Direvent Version @value{VERSION}. @end ifnottex @menu * Intro:: Introduction. * Overview:: * Quick start:: * Invocation:: * Configuration:: * System dependencies:: * Reporting Bugs:: How to Report a Bug. Appendices * environ legacy syntax:: Legacy Syntax of the @code{environ} Statement * Copying This Manual:: The GNU Free Documentation License. * Concept Index:: Index of Concepts. @ifset WEBDOC @ifhtml * This Manual in Other Formats:: @end ifhtml @end ifset @detailmenu --- The Detailed Node Listing --- Configuration * syntax:: * variable expansion:: * general settings:: * syslog:: * environ:: * watcher:: Configuration Syntax * Comments:: * Pragmatic Comments:: * Statements:: System Dependencies * linux:: GNU/Linux systems. * bsd:: BSD systems. * darwin:: Darwin (Mac OS X). @end detailmenu @end menu @node Intro @chapter Introduction @GNUDIREVENT{} monitors events in file system directories. For each event that occurs in a set of pre-configured directories, the program calls an external program associated with it, supplying it the information about the event and the location within the file system where it took place. @GNUDIREVENT{} provides an easy way to configure your system to react immediately if certain files undergo changes. This may be helpful, for example, to track changes in important configuration files. Interfaces for tracking changes to file systems are highly system-specific. @GNUDIREVENT{} aims to provide a uniform and system-independent command-level interface. As of version @value{VERSION} @command{direvent} works with modern Linux kernels (since v. 2.6.13) and BSD systems (FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Darwin). @node Overview @chapter Overview @GNUDIREVENT{} monitors a set of directories on the file system and reacts when a file system event occurs in any of them. Directories and events to monitor are specified in the configuration file. When an event occurs, the program reacts by invoking an external command configured for that event. @cindex events @cindex file system events File system events can be divided into two major groups. The @dfn{system-dependent events} are specific for each particular kernel interface. In the contrast, @dfn{generic events} don't depend on the underlying system. They provide a higher level of abstraction and make it possible to port @GNUDIREVENT{} configurations between various systems and architectures. @cindex generic events @cindex events, generic @anchor{generic events} The generic events are: @defvr {generic event} create A file was created. This includes files moved from another directory. @end defvr @defvr {generic event} delete A file was deleted or moved to another directory. @end defvr @defvr {generic event} write A file was written to. This does not imply that the file was closed. @end defvr @defvr {generic event} change A file was modified and closed. This is a @dfn{compound} event, i.e. it is delivered when a system event that means that the file opened for writing was closed (@code{CLOSE_WRITE}), is delivered for a file on which one or more @code{write} events have been previously delivered. As such it depends on the operating system ability to deliver the @code{CLOSE_WRITE} event. Linux and FreeBSD have this ability. Many other systems, such as NetBSD and Darwin, don't. @end defvr @defvr {generic event} attrib File attributes have changed. This includes changes in the file ownership, mode, link count, etc. @end defvr @anchor{handler} @cindex watcher, introduced @cindex handler, introduced A @dfn{watcher} is a configuration entity that associates a set of directories with a set of events and instructs @command{direvent} to run a specified external command when any of these events occur in any of these directories. This external command (called a @dfn{handler}) can obtain information about the event that triggered it from the environment variables, or from its command line. Watchers are defined in the configuration file, which @command{direvent} reads at startup. The following outlines its syntax: Three types of comments are allowed: inline comments, that begin with a @samp{#} or @samp{//} and extend to the end of line, and multi-line comments, which comprise everything enclosed between @samp{/*} and @samp{*/}. Comments and empty lines are ignored. Whitespace characters are ignored as well, except as they serve to separate tokens. A token is a string of consecutive characters from the following classes: alphanumeric characters, underscores, dots, asterisks, slashes, semicolons, commercial at's, and dashes. Any other sequence of characters must be enclosed in double quotation marks in order to represent a single token. Adjacent quoted strings are concatenated. A configuration statement consists of a keyword and value separated by any amount of whitespace and is terminated with a semicolon. A block statement is a collection of statements enclosed in curly braces. @cindex watcher declaration, summary A watcher is declared using the following block statement: @example @group watcher @{ path @var{pathname} [recursive [@var{level}]]; file @var{pattern-list}; event @var{event-list}; command @var{command-line}; user @var{name}; timeout @var{number}; environ @{ ... @}; option @var{string-list}; @} @end group @end example Each @code{watcher} statement instructs @command{direvent} to monitor events from @var{event-list} occurring in directories specified by @var{pathname}s in @code{path} statements (any number of @code{path} statements can be given). When any such event is detected, the supplied @var{command-line} will be executed. Each directory defined with the @code{recursive} keyword will be watched recursively. This means that for each subdirectory created in it, @command{direvent} will install a watcher similar to that of its parent directory. Optional @var{level} statement can be used to set up a cut-off nesting level, beyond which the recursive operation is disabled. It is a common practice for the @code{path} statement to refer to a directory. However, it is not a requirement. The @var{pathname} argument can as well point to any other type of file@footnote{Obviously, the @samp{recursive} keyword is valid only if @var{pathname} is a directory.}. Moreover, it is not required to exist, either. If it does not, @GNUDIREVENT{} will remember the watcher definition and will set it up when the @var{pathname} is eventually created.@footnote{@xref{path}, for a detailed description.} The rest of statements are optional. The @code{file} statement instructs @GNUDIREVENT{} to react only if the event concerned the file whose name matches one of the patterns given in its argument. The @code{user} statement can be used to execute the @var{command-line} as the user @var{name} (provided, of course, that @command{direvent} is started with root privileges). The @code{timeout} specifies the maximum amount of time (in seconds) the command is allowed to run. It defaults to 5. The @code{environ} statement modifies the command environment. Finally, the @code{option} statement supplies additional options. It can be used, for example, to divert the command's output to syslog. @node Quick start @chapter Quick Start Let's suppose you have a directory where users can upload their files and you want these files to be processed right after upload, in real time. Let this directory be @file{/home/ftp/incoming} and the program to process the upload be @file{/usr/bin/upload}. Let's also suppose that this program expects name of the uploaded file as its argument. To make @command{direvent} handle this task, you would need to create a watcher for the upload directory which would handle the @samp{create} event: @example watcher @{ path /home/ftp/incoming; event create; # @r{more statements follow...} @end example On this event, the watcher is to invoke @file{/usr/bin/upload} with the name of the created file as an argument. To make it possible, the @command{direvent} configuration file provides @dfn{macro variables}, which can be used in the @code{command} argument at configuration time and which are expanded to the actual values before the command is executed. Macro variables are referred to using the same syntax as shell variables: a dollar sign followed by the variable name, optionally enclosed in curly braces. The @samp{file} variable is expanded to the name of the file for which the event is reported. This name is relative to the current working directory which, by the time the handler is executed, is set to the directory where the event occurred. Thus, the handler can be configured as: @example command "/usr/bin/upload $file"; @end example To summarize, the watcher declaration is: @example watcher @{ path /home/ftp/incoming; event create; command "/usr/bin/upload $file"; @} @end example @cindex handler execution environment @anchor{handler environment} Before invoking the handler, the following operations are performed: @enumerate 1 @item The current working directory is set to the directory where the event occurred. @item If the global @code{environ} statement is present, the current environment is modified according to its rules. @item If the @code{environ} statement is present in the @code{watcher} block, the environment is further modified according to its rules. (@pxref{environ, environment modification}) @item The standard input is closed. @item If the @samp{stdout} option is supplied, the standard output is captured and redirected to the syslog. Otherwise it is closed. @item If the @samp{stderr} option is supplied, the standard error is captured and redirected to the syslog. Otherwise it is closed. @item File descriptors above 2 are closed. @item Macro variables are expanded in the command line. Unless the @code{shell} option is set, environment variables are expanded as well. @xref{variable expansion}. @item If the @code{shell} option is set, the handler is invoked via the shell, as @code{$SHELL -c "@var{command}"}. Otherwise, word splitting is performed on the resulting command line. The first word is treated as the pathname of the program, which is then invoked via the @code{execve} system call. @end enumerate @node Invocation @chapter Invocation The invocation syntax is: @example direvent [@var{options}] [@var{config}] @end example @noindent where @var{options} are command line options discussed below and optional @var{config} supplies the configuration file to use instead of the default @file{/etc/direvent.conf}. The options are: @table @option @opindex -d @opindex --debug @item -d @itemx --debug Increase debug level. @opindex -F @opindex --facility @item -F @var{name} @itemx --facility=@var{name} Set syslog facility. @opindex -f @opindex --foreground @item -f @itemx --foreground Remain in foreground. @opindex -I @opindex --include @anchor{include option} @item -I @var{dir} @itemx --include=@var{dir} Add @var{dir} to the beginning of the include search path (@pxref{include search path}). @opindex -l @item -l @var{prio} While connected to a terminal, @command{direvent} outputs its diagnostics messages to stderr and, if configured, to syslog. This option limits the amount of information output to the standard error. The @var{prio} argument is one of the following priorities (in order of increasing severity): @samp{debug}, @samp{info}, @samp{notice}, @samp{warning}, @samp{err}, @samp{crit}, @samp{alert}, @samp{emerg}. When this option is given, only messages with the priority level equal to or greater than @var{prio} will be duplicated on the standard error. @opindex -P @opindex --pidfile @item -P @var{file} @itemx --pidfile=@var{file} Upon successful startup store the PID of the daemon process in @var{file}. @opindex -T @opindex --self-test @cindex self-test mode @anchor{self-test mode} @item -T @var{command} @itemx --self-test=@var{command} Run in @dfn{self-test mode}. In this mode, @command{direvent} starts external command supplied as the argument to this option and continues running until the command exits. If @var{command} terminates normally, @command{direvent} exits with the code returned by it. If @var{command} terminates on signal, @command{direvent} exits with code @samp{0} if this signal was @code{SIGHUP}, and with code @samp{2} otherwise. The @var{command} can include any command line options or arguments, provided that it is properly quoted. It is invoked as @command{/bin/sh -c @var{command}} in the environment of the parent @command{direvent} process. This mode is used in @command{direvent} test suite. The idea is to configure the handler (@pxref{handler}) so that it sends @code{SIGHUP} to @var{command} before exiting. To this effect, the special macro variable @code{$self_test_pid} is defined (@pxref{variable expansion}) to the PID of the running @var{command} process. For example, consider configuration file @file{test.conf}, which contains the following: @example watcher @{ path /tmp; command "/bin/kill -HUP $self_test_pid"; @} @end example Then, the following command can be used to check whether @command{direvent} correctly reacts on file creation in the watched directory: @example $ direvent --foreground \ --self-test 'touch /tmp/file && /usr/bin/sleep 20 && exit 1' \ test.conf @end example The command will return @samp{0} if the handler was invoked, and @samp{1} if it was not. @opindex -t @opindex --lint @item -t @itemx --lint Check configuration file for errors and exit. @opindex -u @opindex --user @item -u @var{name} @itemx --user=@var{name} Run as this user. This option overrides the @code{user} configuration statement (@pxref{general settings, user}). @end table The following options are @dfn{informative}. They cause the program to display the requested piece of information and terminate: @table @option @opindex -H @opindex --config-help @item -H @itemx --config-help Show configuration file summary. @opindex -h @opindex --help @item -h @itemx --help Give a short usage summary. @opindex --usage @item --usage Display available command line options. @opindex -V @opindex --version @item -V @itemx --version Print program version. @end table @node Configuration @chapter Configuration @menu * syntax:: * variable expansion:: * general settings:: * syslog:: * environ:: * watcher:: @end menu @node syntax @section Configuration Syntax The configuration file consists of statements and comments. There are three classes of lexical tokens: keywords, values, and separators. Blanks, tabs, newlines and comments, collectively called @dfn{white space} are ignored except as they serve to separate tokens. Some white space is required to separate otherwise adjacent keywords and values. @menu * Comments:: * Pragmatic Comments:: * Statements:: @end menu @node Comments @subsection Comments @cindex Comments in a configuration file @cindex single-line comments @dfn{Comments} may appear anywhere where white space may appear in the configuration file. There are two kinds of comments: single-line and multi-line comments. @dfn{Single-line} comments start with @samp{#} or @samp{//} and continue to the end of the line: @smallexample # This is a comment // This too is a comment @end smallexample @cindex multi-line comments @dfn{Multi-line} or @dfn{C-style} comments start with the two characters @samp{/*} (slash, star) and continue until the first occurrence of @samp{*/} (star, slash). Multi-line comments cannot be nested. However, single-line comments may well appear within multi-line ones. @node Pragmatic Comments @subsection Pragmatic Comments @cindex comments, pragmatic @cindex pragmatic comments Pragmatic comments are similar to usual single-line comments, except that they cause some changes in the way the configuration is parsed. Pragmatic comments begin with a @samp{#} sign and end with the next physical newline character. @table @code @kwindex #include @item #include <@var{file}> @itemx #include "@var{file}" Include the contents of the file @var{file}. If @var{file} is an absolute file name, the named file is included. An error message will be issued if it does not exist. If @var{file} contains wildcard characters (@samp{*}, @samp{[}, @samp{]} or @samp{?}), it is interpreted as a shell globbing pattern and all files matching that pattern are included, in lexicographical order. If no matching files are found, the directive is replaced with an empty line. Otherwise, the form with angle brackets searches for file in the @dfn{include search path}, while the second one looks for it in the current working directory first, and, if not found there, in the include search path. If the file is not found, an error message will be issued. @cindex include search path, preprocessor @cindex include directories, preprocessor @cindex preprocessor include search path @anchor{include search path} @dfn{Include search path} is formed by two directory sets: the user-defined search path, as defined by eventual @option{-I} (@pxref{include option}) command line options, and the standard include search path, defined at compile time. The latter can be inspected using the @option{--help} option. The order of directories is as follows. First, @command{direvent} scans any directories given with @option{-I} options, in the same order as given on the command line. If @var{file} is not found in any of them, the standard include search path is scanned. It is defined at the compile time and by default consists of two directories: @itemize @bullet @item @file{@var{prefix}/share/direvent/include} @item @file{@var{prefix}/share/direvent/@value{VERSION}/include} @end itemize @noindent where @var{prefix} is the installation prefix. The default can be changed when configuring the package. To inspect the actual standard include search path at the runtime, run @code{direvent --help}, and look for the string @samp{Include search path:} in its output. @kwindex #include_once @item #include_once <@var{file}> @itemx #include_once @var{file} Same as @code{#include}, except that, if the @var{file} has already been included, it will not be included again. @kwindex #line @item #line @var{num} @itemx #line @var{num} "@var{file}" This line causes the parser to believe, for purposes of error diagnostics, that the line number of the next source line is given by @var{num} and the current input file is named by @var{file}. If the latter is absent, the remembered file name does not change. @item # @var{num} "@var{file}" This is a special form of @code{#line} statement, understood for compatibility with the @sc{c} preprocessor. @end table @node Statements @subsection Statements @cindex statements, configuration file @cindex configuration file statements @cindex statement, simple @cindex simple statements A @dfn{simple statement} consists of a keyword and value separated by any amount of whitespace. Simple statement is terminated with a semicolon (@samp{;}). The following is a simple statement: @smallexample standalone yes; pidfile /var/run/direvent.pid; @end smallexample A @dfn{keyword} begins with a letter and may contain letters, decimal digits, underscores (@samp{_}) and dashes (@samp{-}). Examples of keywords are: @samp{expression}, @samp{output-file}. A @dfn{value} can be one of the following: @table @asis @item number A number is a sequence of decimal digits. @item boolean @cindex boolean value A boolean value is one of the following: @samp{yes}, @samp{true}, @samp{t} or @samp{1}, meaning @dfn{true}, and @samp{no}, @samp{false}, @samp{nil}, @samp{0} meaning @dfn{false}. @item unquoted string @cindex string, unquoted An unquoted string may contain letters, digits, and any of the following characters: @samp{_}, @samp{-}, @samp{.}, @samp{/}, @samp{@@}, @samp{*}, @samp{:}. @item quoted string @cindex quoted string @cindex string, quoted @cindex escape sequence A quoted string is any sequence of characters enclosed in double-quotes (@samp{"}). A backslash appearing within a quoted string introduces an @dfn{escape sequence}, which is replaced with a single character according to the following rules: @float Table, backslash-interpretation @caption{Backslash escapes} @multitable @columnfractions 0.30 .5 @item Sequence @tab Replaced with @item \a @tab Audible bell character (@acronym{ASCII} 7) @item \b @tab Backspace character (@acronym{ASCII} 8) @item \f @tab Form-feed character (@acronym{ASCII} 12) @item \n @tab Newline character (@acronym{ASCII} 10) @item \r @tab Carriage return character (@acronym{ASCII} 13) @item \t @tab Horizontal tabulation character (@acronym{ASCII} 9) @item \v @tab Vertical tabulation character (@acronym{ASCII} 11) @item \\ @tab A single backslash (@samp{\}) @item \" @tab A double-quote. @end multitable @end float In addition, the sequence @samp{\@var{newline}} is removed from the string. This allows to split long strings over several physical lines, e.g.: @smallexample @group "a long string may be\ split over several lines" @end group @end smallexample If the character following a backslash is not one of those specified above, the backslash is ignored and a warning is issued. @anchor{here-document} @item Here-document @cindex here-document A @dfn{here-document} is a special construct that allows to introduce strings of text containing embedded newlines. The @code{<<@var{word}} construct instructs the parser to read all the following lines up to the line containing only @var{word}, with possible trailing blanks. Any lines thus read are concatenated together into a single string. For example: @smallexample @group <. use strict; use warnings; use Getopt::Long qw(:config gnu_getopt no_ignore_case); use File::Basename; use File::Spec; use File::Path qw(make_path); use Pod::Usage; my $dirname = '.'; my $pkgname; my $srcname; my $output_name; my @includes; GetOptions("h" => sub { pod2usage(-message => "$0: generate docs", -exitstatus => 0); }, "help" => sub { pod2usage(-exitstatus => 0, -verbose => 2); }, "usage" => sub { pod2usage(-exitstatus => 0, -verbose => 0); }, 'source|s=s' => \$srcname, 'directory|C=s' => \$dirname, 'output|o=s' => \$output_name, 'include|I=s@' => \@includes ) or exit(1); $pkgname = shift @ARGV or pod2usage(-exitstatus => 1, -verbose => 0); $srcname //= "${pkgname}.texi"; my $template_name = shift @ARGV or pod2usage(-exitstatus => 1, -verbose => 0); unless (-d $dirname) { make_path($dirname); } unless ($output_name) { $output_name = File::Spec->catfile($dirname, (fileparse($template_name, qr/\.[^.]*/))[0]); } if (@includes) { @includes = map { '-I '.$_} @includes; # FIXME: Not used yet } sub template_scan { my $file = shift; open(FH, '<', $file) or die "can't open $file: $!\n"; my $line = 0; while () { chomp; ++$line; s{ \$ ((?:BASE)?FILE|SIZE) \( ([a-z_]+) \) }{ eval { Gendocs->instance($2, $pkgname, $srcname) }; if ($@) { if ($@ =~ m{Can't locate object method "new"}) { die "$file:$line: unknown format: $2\n"; } else { die $@; } } }gex; } close FH } sub template_expand { my ($infile, $outfile) = @_; open(IFH, '<', $infile) or die "can't open $infile: $!\n"; open(OFH, '>', $outfile) or die "can't open $outfile: $!\n"; while () { chomp; s{ \$ ((?:BASE)?FILE|SIZE) \( ([a-z_]+) \) }{ if ($1 eq 'FILE') { Gendocs->instance($2)->output; } elsif ($1 eq 'BASEFILE') { basename(Gendocs->instance($2)->output); } else { Gendocs->instance($2)->size; } }gex; print OFH "$_\n"; } } template_scan $template_name; Gendocs->generate(); template_expand($template_name, $output_name); Gendocs->sweep(); package Gendocs; use strict; use warnings; my %registry; sub generate { my ($class) = @_; my @keys = keys %registry; foreach my $k (@keys) { $registry{$k}->build(); $registry{$k}->mark(); } } sub sweep { my ($class) = @_; my @keys = keys %registry; foreach my $k (@keys) { unless ($registry{$k}->has_mark) { $registry{$k}->remove; delete $registry{$k}; } } } sub new { my ($class, $pkgname, $name) = @_; unless (exists($registry{$class})){ $registry{$class} = bless { pkgname => $pkgname, input => $name }, $class; } return $registry{$class} } sub instance { my ($class, $fmt, @args) = @_; my $subclass = "Gendocs::".ucfirst($fmt); unless (exists($registry{$subclass})) { $registry{$subclass} = $subclass->new(@args); } return $registry{$subclass}; } sub runcom { my $self = shift; system @_; if ($? == -1) { die "failed to execute $_[0]: $!"; } elsif ($? & 127) { die sprintf("$_[0] died with signal %d\n", $? & 127); } elsif ($? >> 8) { warn sprintf("$_[0] exited with value %d\n", $? >> 8); } } sub mark { shift->{mark} = 1 } sub has_mark { shift->{mark} } sub remove { my ($self) = @_; if ($self->{output}) { unlink $self->{output}; delete $self->{output}; } } sub size { my ($self) = @_; my $s = (stat($self->output))[7]; if ($s > 1048576) { $s = int($s / 1048576) . 'M'; } elsif ($s > 1024) { $s = int($s / 1024) . 'K'; } return $s; } sub pkgname { shift->{pkgname} } sub input { shift->{input} } sub output { shift->{output} } package Gendocs::Makeinfo; use strict; use warnings; use base 'Gendocs'; sub new { my $class = shift; my $self = $class->SUPER::new(@_); $self->{makeinfo} = $ENV{'MAKEINFO'} || 'makeinfo'; return $self; } package Gendocs::Info; use strict; use warnings; use base 'Gendocs::Makeinfo'; sub build { my ($self) = @_; unless ($self->{output}) { my $output = File::Spec->catfile($dirname, $self->pkgname . '.info'); print "Generating info file: " . $self->input . " -> $output\n"; $self->runcom("$self->{makeinfo} -o $output " . $self->input); $self->{output} = $output; } return $self->{output}; } package Gendocs::Info_gz; use strict; use warnings; use base 'Gendocs'; sub build { my ($self) = @_; unless ($self->{output}) { my $input = Gendocs->instance('info', $self->pkgname, $self->input)->build(); my $output = "$input.gz"; print "Compressing info file: $input -> $output\n"; $self->runcom("gzip -f -9 -c $input > $output"); $self->{output} = $output; } return $self->{output}; } package Gendocs::Ascii; use strict; use warnings; use base 'Gendocs::Makeinfo'; sub build { my ($self) = @_; unless ($self->{output}) { my $output = File::Spec->catfile($dirname, $self->pkgname . '.txt'); print "Generating ascii file: " . $self->input . " -> $output\n"; $self->runcom("$self->{makeinfo} -o $output --no-split --no-headers " . $self->input); $self->{output} = $output; } return $self->{output}; } package Gendocs::Ascii_gz; use strict; use warnings; use base 'Gendocs'; sub build { my ($self) = @_; unless ($self->{output}) { my $input = Gendocs->instance('ascii', $self->pkgname, $self->input)->build(); my $output = "$input.gz"; print "Compressing ascii file: $input -> $output\n"; $self->runcom("gzip -f -9 -c $input > $output"); $self->{output} = $output; } return $self->{output}; } package Gendocs::Texinfo_gz; use strict; use warnings; use base 'Gendocs'; sub build { my ($self) = @_; unless ($self->{output}) { my $output = File::Spec->catfile($dirname, $self->pkgname . '.tar.gz'); print "Creating compressed sources: $output\n"; $self->runcom("tar czfh $output *.texinfo *.texi *.txi *.eps 2>/dev/null || /bin/true"); $self->{output} = $output; } return $self->{output}; } package Gendocs::Dvi; use strict; use warnings; use base 'Gendocs'; use File::Temp qw(tempdir); sub new { my $class = shift; my $self = $class->SUPER::new(@_); $ENV{TEXI2DVI_BUILD_DIRECTORY} = tempdir(CLEANUP => 1); $self->{texi2dvi} = $ENV{'TEXI2DVI'} || 'texi2dvi --build=tidy -t @finalout'; return $self; } sub build { my ($self) = @_; unless ($self->{output}) { my $output = File::Spec->catfile($dirname, $self->pkgname . '.dvi'); my $cmd = "$self->{texi2dvi} -o $output $self->{input}"; print "Creating dvi: $cmd\n"; $self->runcom($cmd); $self->{output} = $output; } return $self->{output}; } package Gendocs::Dvi_gz; use strict; use warnings; use base 'Gendocs'; sub build { my ($self) = @_; unless ($self->{output}) { my $input = Gendocs->instance('dvi', $self->pkgname, $self->input)->build(); my $output = "$input.gz"; print "Compressing dvi file: $input -> $output\n"; $self->runcom("gzip -f -9 -c $input > $output"); $self->{output} = $output; } return $self->{output}; } package Gendocs::Pdf; use strict; use warnings; use base 'Gendocs::Dvi'; sub build { my ($self) = @_; unless ($self->{output}) { my $output = File::Spec->catfile($dirname, $self->pkgname . '.pdf'); my $cmd = "$self->{texi2dvi} -o $output --pdf $self->{input}"; print "Creating pdf: $cmd\n"; $self->runcom($cmd); $self->{output} = $output; } return $self->{output}; } __END__ =head1 NAME gendocs.pl - generate documentation in various formats =head1 SYNOPSIS B [B<-C> I] [B<-s> I] [B<-o> I] [B<-I> I] [B<--directory=>I] [B<--include=>I] [B<--output=>I] [B<--source=>I] I I